A congenital heart defect, also referred to as a congenital heart anomaly, is a structural defect in the heart that exists at birth. The defects can involve the heart walls, heart valves, and arteries and veins surrounding the heart. This defect disrupts the normal blood flow, resulting in various complications. Some infants with heart disease may not require treatment, while others may require surgery or even a heart transplant to address the condition.
Congenital heart disease symptoms may not be apparent at birth and may manifest later. Some of the symptoms that can develop in newborns over time are abnormal heartbeat, bluish skin, lips, toes, and fingers, difficulty breathing, chest pain, slow growth, and low birth weight.